World approves historic agreement on climate protection

By: Lucas Tolentino, special envoy to Paris - Publisher: Alethea Muniz

More than 190 countries concluded on Saturday (12/12), pact history to contain global warming. After intense negotiations in that Brazil has taken decisive role, the international community It approved the Agreement of Paris with measures to reduce emissions greenhouse gases and thereby limit the rise in temperature Earth by up to 1.5 ° C by 2100. Led by the Minister of the Environment, Izabella Teixeira, the Brazilian delegation was successful with the inclusion of the main points made by the country in the final text commitment.

The main issues related to climate change were included the Agreement. In addition to providing increased beyond $ 100 billion a year to finance actions from 2020, the final text establishes the goal of keeping the rise in global average temperature to well below 2 ° C above pre-industrial levels and make efforts to limiting the temperature rise to 1.5 ° C. The document also provides for the review the efforts of countries every five years, in order to enable greater ambition according to national circumstances.

The issues resolved with the covenant include the differentiation between developed and developing countries. Defended and traded at exhaustion Brazil, the position that nations must have progressively stronger bonds was included in the text wake up. "Brazil is very pleased with the agreement," he reiterated Minister Izabella. "The text adopts the flexibility and progression differentiation, which is precisely based on the proposal by Brazil. Come on, yes, to a new climate phase. "

CREDIBILITY

Increased ambition and the rest of the points made by Brazil They are part now of the agreement at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP 21), which occurred during the last two weeks in Paris. The Izabella Minister highlighted Brazil's leadership in building covenant. "Everyone recognizes that we are a country that has always stood for build solutions, "he said. "Brazil's performance lends credibility policy for the country beyond what we have already done in relation to reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. "

The global involvement with the climate issue was also highlighted by Izabella Teixeira. The minister pointed out that there were four years diplomatic negotiations to the approval of the Paris Agreement. "It's a work of all, a commitment to the whole world on board, "he said. For her, all sectors, apart from the federal government, had fundamental role. "There is a strength in foreign policy Brazilian and a significant mobilization of society, with participation of coalitions and entrepreneurial initiative to give new scope for the climate debate in Brazil.

The world leaders gathered at COP 21 also celebrated success the Paris Agreement. President of the Conference, the Minister of Business Foreigners from France, Laurent Fabius, said the global commitment to resolve issues raised by individual positions of countries the UN Convention signatories on Climate Change (UNFCCC, its acronym in English). "The agreement brings important advances before seen as impossible to achieve, "he said.

POINT TO POINT

Check out the main points of the Paris Agreement:
  - Strengthen the implementation of the UNFCCC under the principles
  - Search limit the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 ° C above pre-industrial levels and endeavor to limiting the temperature rise to 1.5 ° C.
  - Promotes the collective financing of a US $ 100 billion per floor year to developing countries, considering their needs and priorities
  - Establishes process that features contributions nationally certain (INDCs), with individual targets for each country to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
  - Create a mechanism for review every five years of global efforts to curb climate changes

LEARN MORE

See the key terms to understand the COP 21:
 

UNFCCC - The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was established with the objective of establish measures to curb global warming resulting from increased emissions of greenhouse gases. Currently, 195 countries are signatories to the UNFCCC.

COP - The Conference of the Parties (COP) is the governing body Maximum UNFCCC. Every year, representatives of 195 countries meet at the COP, to prepare proposals for mitigation and adaptation climate change and to track the progress of the agreements established previously. Each year, the meeting is held in a different city. The 21st edition of the COP was held in Paris.

INDC - The Contributions Nationally Determined (INDECI) represent the commitment of the signatories to the UNFCCC reduction of greenhouse gas emissions on its own territories. Throughout 2015, each country presented its INDC with carbon cutting percentage and actions to achieve them. Considered one of the most ambitious, the INDC of Brazil has the goal of reducing 37% emissions by 2025 and 43% by 2030. Both targets are compared the levels recorded in 2005.

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